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University of Bologna
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Jesús DE LA VILLA, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Again on predicatives and adverbs
A much disputed question within the general topic of predicative in Latin is that of the alternance of predicative adjectives and adverbs in sentences as those of (1) and (2).
(1) inde nuntii ad Claudium occulti ueniebant (Liu. 43.10.2)
(2) sed cum ueneno se malle mori quam ferro dixisset, occulte fugam parabat (Liu
45.5.10)
The most complete list of conditions that determine the selection of any of the possibilites in a particular context is, as far as I know, that of Pinkster (1995: 199-203). Nevertheless, not all the instances can be explained by means of those conditions and, what seems more important, we still lack a complete description of the phenomenon of this alternance between predicative and adverb from a communicative point of view.
In this paper I want first to discuss some new features that can explain, in my opinion, the preference for and adverb instead of an adjective or the reverse. Among them, for exemple, the absence of a personal verb in the sentence, as in (3), or the presence of any element dependent on the predicative/adverbial constituent, as in (4).
(3) audisset ... illum cupide ad praetorem quasi ad laudem atque ad praemium accucurrisse (Cic. Verr. 2.5.7)
(4) qua ex parte homines bellandi cupidi magno dolore adficiebantur (Caes. B.G. 1.2.4)
In the second part of the paper I will try to offer a revision of the phenomenon taking as departing point the notion of prototype. I will propose that it is possible to identify some prototypical features associated to the use of predicatives and some other prototypical for the adverb. In between are the instances where the features are mixed and where, in consequence, the alternance between the two possible constructions depends more on historical and particular preferences of authors.
Most recent modifications: February 18, 2003 – latling@classics.unibo.it
Source: Dipartimento di Filologia Classica e Medioevale
No rights can be derived from the information on this Internet-page.
- (1) inde nuntii ad Claudium occulti ueniebant (Liu. 43.10.2)
(2) sed cum ueneno se malle mori quam ferro dixisset, occulte fugam parabat (Liu 45.5.10)
In this paper I want first to discuss some new features that can explain, in my opinion, the preference for and adverb instead of an adjective or the reverse. Among them, for exemple, the absence of a personal verb in the sentence, as in (3), or the presence of any element dependent on the predicative/adverbial constituent, as in (4).
- (3) audisset ... illum cupide ad praetorem quasi ad laudem atque ad praemium accucurrisse (Cic. Verr. 2.5.7)
(4) qua ex parte homines bellandi cupidi magno dolore adficiebantur (Caes. B.G. 1.2.4)
Most recent modifications: February 18, 2003 – latling@classics.unibo.it
Source: Dipartimento di Filologia Classica e Medioevale
No rights can be derived from the information on this Internet-page.